Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Technology. Show all posts

Monday, March 14, 2011

Disintegrating Japan and the Future of the United States: Energy and Oil

Watching Japan disintegrate before our eyes, the ongoing disaster is nearly beyond human comprehension.  The scale of the loss of life and destruction of infrastructure has yet to be fully realized nor its true economic and strategic fallout.  


There are major predictions that this will impact the United States' economy, job creation and over all ability to borrow money.  The United States must be prepared for a long future with a diminished Japan economy in the world and strategic partner in the region. 


There are definite steps that should be taken now.  The demands of this once thriving economy will change drastically.  So will the demands of the world economy as the ability of Japanese manufacturers to meet the technological and automotive demands of their world consumers will also be seriously diminished.  There is also a likelihood of mass population displacement and migration.  

While all eyes are focused on the near future down turn, the US should be prepared to move to mitigate these circumstances and reposition our economy to fill the developing needs of both Japan and the world in general.  


First, while there is an immediate down turn in the demand for gasoline and oil, within the next few years, the demand will increase as Japan's energy consumption and supply likely changes.  With multiple reactor failures and the probability that these nuclear reactors will be inoperable, they will likely require more oil and coal to feed their rebuilding efforts and ongoing energy needs.  There is a possibility that nuclear energy will be slow to regain trust among the populace as well as the government's likely response to re-evaluating any builds based on knowledge of the engineering and structure failures as well as the ability to respond to disasters.  Further, Japan's own capacity to refine has been severely damaged.


Refinery Margins Poised to Surge After Quake If History Is Guide

“This is a super bullish factor for the Asian middle distillates and fuel-oil market,” said Akira Kamiyama, an energy derivatives trader at Mitsui & Co. in Tokyo. “Factories which have their own generating facilities will begin to buy diesel, while utilities will start purchasing fuel oil.” 

The US needs to evaluate the potential impact to US imports, supply and economics.  The rising cost of gasoline and fuel oils is severely hampering the United States' economy now.   Current attempts to change our energy supply are too slow and current administration plans represent unrealistic time frames without enough innovative or cost effective technologies.  The economic down turn has actually put projects to expand electric supply on hold.  In the meantime, the cost of the average utility bills for homes and businesses have increased by over 23%.

Food, clothing and other basic essentials have risen in direct relation to these rises. As this report indicates, there is an expected increase in diesel fuel demands.  Diesel fuel costs are directly related to the costs of these items.  Families and businesses cannot afford this increase.  The US needs to bring its oil production and refining ability up to meet near and far future demands.  The administration must review current policy on permitting drilling, existing delivery systems and capacity, and regulations governing refineries.  It may even need to review tax credits for oil industry development.

The administration needs to re-assess the time lines for development of other energy within the US.  These energy resources need to be explored and developed, but they cannot do so effectively, timely or cost effective in a down economy.  It adds to the burden over a long term instead of providing relief.  Further, it would be easier and simpler to develop these means in conjunction with developing economic regions in the US.  These regions can change depending on the changes in Japans manufacturing and development where the US may pick up this demand.

If there is any upside to this horrible event, it is that, in rebuilding, the Japanese and the United States have a unique opportunity to develop future efficient and affordable technology that will change the world as did the rebuilding of Japan after World War II.  There are current experimental technologies that are languishing without attention.  Technologies that go beyond wind farms, solar panels, LED street lights and electric cars. Innovation will come to the forefront and long ignored platforms, once thought too costly to produce, such as nanotubes or thin, flexible batteries, will become more affordable comparatively.  The potential is nearly limitless.  (nanotubes turn carbon dioxide into energy; integrated flat screen technology, strengthening structures, electric conductivity and other daily living technology from heating to heads up displays)

These advancements cannot occur when the cost to fuel plants and deliver products eats at profit margins of companies who develop this technology or want to invest in product development, hiring employees or in people being able to simply travel to work.  When gasoline prices have increased a hundred percent in a decade and, along with home energy costs, are taking a third or more of the average consumer's income, purchasing new energy efficient technology may be necessary, but it becomes equally and increasingly out of reach.  Those purchases provide the capital for research and development.

It is the circle of economic life and that life is currently slipping from serious condition to critical.  Therefore, it is necessary for the United States to re-evaluate it's energy plan.  Increased oil and gasoline production and refinement must be part of a rational and immediate energy integration plan.  This is not an "either/or" situation.  It must be together, or the United States cannot move forward.


On another note:  Japan is liquefying US treasury bonds and China is likely the next biggest buyer.  At the same time, China is now reported as surpassing the US in manufacturing:

China has passed the U.S. as the biggest manufacturer in the world, having 19.8% of world output in 2010. The U.S. lagged behind at 19.4%.
 









Tuesday, August 14, 2007

"Flexible Battery": Military Use?

Recently, the DoD announced a contest to design a portable, lighter battery pack for soldiers' equipment in the field.

The Department of Defense is asking a person or team to come up with a way to lessen the weight of the 20-40 pounds of batteries a solider carries on a typical four-day mission. The batteries power everything from soldiers' GPS systems to their night-vision goggles.

"In many missions the batteries are heavier than the ammunition they are carrying," said Dr. William S. Rees Jr., Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Laboratories and Basic Sciences -- whose office, the Director of Defense Research and Engineering, is sponsoring the prize competition. "We'd like to reverse that ratio."


There was a million dollar prize for the design.

There is no indication that this group was working towards the prize, but I found this announced invention interesting and began thinking about how it could be integrated and adapted for military use:

Researchers develop bendable battery

WASHINGTON - It's a battery that looks like a piece of paper and can be bent or twisted, trimmed with scissors or molded into any shape needed. While the battery is only a prototype a few inches square right now, the researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute who developed it have high hopes for it in electronics and other fields that need smaller, lighter power sources.[snip]

Unlike other batteries, Linhardt explained, it is an integrated device, not a combination of pieces.

The battery uses paper infused with an electrolyte and carbon nanotubes that are embedded in the paper. The carbon nanotubes form the electrodes, the paper is the separator and the electrolyte allows the current to flow.[snip]

And over about 18 months, the groups developed the projects, into a battery, a capacitor, which stores electricity and a combination of the two.

Ajayan sees potential uses in combination with solar cells, perhaps layers of the paper batteries that could store the electricity generated until it is needed, he said in a telephone interview.

Perhaps it could be scaled up and shaped into something like a car door, offering moving electrical storage and power when needed.


It's thin. It's light. It can bend. The applications would be endless. The adaptability would be as well. One way that it could be shaped or developed for carrying could be to line already existing equipment or carrying devices with the material such as Body Armor vests, back packs, helmets, lining the cases of the equipment itself, etc, etc, etc,
In fact, if it could be integrated into the equipment itself, the equipment could be redesigned to be less bulky, creating a slimmer silhouette that would facilitate maneuverability.

Inside additional equipment or even clothing, the batteries could provide endless back up supply that was equally light. It could be carried by every member of the unit in those configurations. It could also be rolled into tubes and simply carried in a pack.

There are a few draw backs. The first is cost. Carbon nanotubes are not inexpensive to make. The technology and manufacturing capabilities could be an expensive undertaking. Although, if it is underwritten by government grants as well as has confirmed contracts, the set up costs could be offset considerably.

The second issue will be its capability to support the amount of energy required for some of the technology. The inventors believe that the battery is comparable to others already in use:

"So from the commercial standpoint, this would be very expensive if you want to make a large sheet out of this material," he said via e-mail. In addition, he said, "It does not look like it performs better than currently available batteries and supercapacitors in the market."


Actually, it could be a cost saver if the overall design of equipment, like radios, could be adapted to require less space and, thus, less material to cover, for the battery. This cost savings could translate into making the cost of the "paper" battery more inviting as well as the possibility that it would take less space to carry extras, for shipping, etc. There is a built in cost savings there. Finally, the most important savings, weight, translates into saving transport space and maneuverability for soldiers. That can translate into a more effective force and that equals winning more quickly and saving more soldiers' lives.

So, cost maybe less of a factor.

One other question that cannot be answered by this article: what sort of electrolytes are being used? If this flexible battery were integrated into equipment and armor and it was struck by a round, would it be harmful to the soldier?

If not, I think the million dollar prize can go to this group.


Tuesday, May 08, 2007

Bots on the Ground (pun intended)

Via Instapundit:

Humans have long displayed an uncanny ability to make emotional connections with their manufactured helpmates. Car owners for generations have named their vehicles. In "Cast Away," Tom Hanks risks his life to save a volleyball named Wilson, who has become his best friend and confidant. Now that our creations display elements of intelligence, however, the bonds humans forge with their machines are even more impressive. Especially when humans credit their bots with saving their lives. [snip]

Ted Bogosh recalls one day in Camp Victory, near Baghdad, when he was a Marine master sergeant running the robot repair shop.

That day, an explosive ordnance disposal technician walked through his door. The EODs, as they are known, are the people who -- with their robots -- are charged with disabling Iraq's most virulent scourge, the roadside improvised explosive device. In this fellow's hands was a small box. It contained the remains of his robot. He had named it Scooby-Doo.[snip]

Nonetheless, Ehrhard worries that a bot "completely changes the human role" in warfare. "That is not lost on these people," he says. "Part of what a society has to do to sacrifice lives is make it heroic. Do you see the dilemma? It's a fundamental dilemma. Look at what we do for the military. Give them uniforms, great burials, medals. I'm retired and people still call me colonel. It's all out of respect for what you have done. How do robots change that?"


Click here to the read the rest.